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Formyduval v. Bunn

6/20/2000

a physician who is either board certified in a specialty or who holds himself out as a specialist or limits his practice to a specialty. This definition is dispositive of the case sub judice, and it is thus unnecessary for us to outline the contours of the term "general practitioner." We hold that all three of plaintiff's witnesses are specialists as that term is used in the statute. Thus, they are all disqualified from testifying against defendant pursuant to Rule 702(c). The trial court found as a fact, and plaintiff does not dispute, that Dr. Paschold is board certified in oncology, while Dr. Hammer is board certified in emergency medicine and family practice. By virtue of their board certifications, both doctors are specialists and thus may not testify against defendant, a general practitioner.


Plaintiff argues that because Dr. Paschold and Dr. Hammer are "more qualified than defendant" they should be able to testify against him. Such interpretation of Rule 702 is completely contrary to the intent of the statute. The language of the statute is unambiguous: only general practitioners are allowed to testify against general practitioners. Specialists, who are more qualified than general practitioners, may testify only against other specialists. This interpretation is consistent with N.C.G.S. § 90-21.12 (1999), which requires that the plaintiff in a medical malpractice action prove by the greater weight of the evidence that the care of the health care provider at issue "was not in accordance with the standards of practice among members of the same health care profession with similar training and experience." G.S. § 90-21.12 (emphasis added).


As stated by another court, this rule


is designed to protect the defendant from being compared with the higher standard of care required from one who holds himself out as an expert in the field.


Moore v. Foster, 292 N.W.2d 535, 538 (Mich. Ct. App. 1980), rev'd on other grounds, 302 N.W.2d 146 (Mich. 1980); see also 19 April 1995 Minutes of the House Select Comm. on Tort Reform (sponsor of House Bill 730 noting that purpose of amendment to N.C.R. Civ. P. 9 is to insure that malpractice actions are "reviewed by qualified practitioners of a competence similar to" defendant of suit).


Plaintiff's third expert witness, Dr. McCaskill, is not board certified in any specialty. However, the trial court found, and again plaintiff does not dispute, that Dr. McCaskill has been "work on a full-time basis since 1973 as Chief of Emergency Medicine at Scotland Memorial Hospital and as an emergency department physician." Evidence was also introduced that Dr. McCaskill works part-time at a general medical clinic in Maxton, North Carolina. Further, plaintiff introduced evidence that Dr. McCaskill, when reporting to the North Carolina Medical Board, lists his primary specialty as "emergency medicine." We thus hold that Dr. McCaskill is a specialist in emergency medicine, in that he holds himself out to be such a specialist and largely limits his practice to that specialty.


Plaintiff contends Dr. McCaskill is a general practitioner because he has similar training to defendant and his work in the emergency room is sufficiently similar to that of a general practitioner. While it appears that Dr. McCaskill's initial medical training was similar to defendant's, in that both completed medical school and a one year internship, we cannot agree that practicing in an emergency room equates to " ctive clinical practice as a general practitioner." Rule 702(c)(1) (emphasis added). As the trial court found, Dr. McCaskill during the course of his practice has access to "laboratory resources, nursing personnel, active staff physicians, in

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