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Lovejoy v. Bergeaux

12/10/2003

PUBLISHED


REVERSED AND REMANDED FOR TRIAL ON THE MERITS.


In this maritime case, the defendant-appellee, Crain Brothers, Inc. (Crain Brothers), filed a motion for summary judgment and asserted that the plaintiff-appellant, Thomas Lovejoy (Mr. Lovejoy), was not a seaman and should be precluded from bringing a claim under the Jones Act. The trial court granted the defendant's motion for summary judgment after concluding that there were no genuine issues of material fact as to the plaintiff's status as a seaman. We disagree. We reverse and remand to the trial court for a trial on the merits.


I. ISSUES


We shall address:


1) whether post-accident employment activities are relevant in determining seaman status; and,


2) whether the trial court erred in granting a summary judgment to the employer defendant and in dismissing plaintiff's claims under the Jones Act.


II. FACTS


In March 2000, Crain Brothers started its Sunland project, which involved placing pipeline crossings under the intracoastal waterway, the Sabine River, and the Vinton Canal. In June 2000, Crain Brothers hired Mr. Lovejoy to perform welding services on this project. Mr. Lovejoy was required to pass a welding exam in June but did not start work on the project until July 5, 2000. Mr. Lovejoy worked with Crain Brothers on a previous project in 1995 as a welder on an offshore platform.


The Sunland project involved use of many types of boats including tugs, marshbuggies, and aluminum flatboats. The M/V MISS HILDA transported the workers, welding machines, sandblasting equipment, welding leads, and all other equipment needed to complete the project down the intracoastal waterway to the crossing site on a daily basis. The duration of the trip was anywhere between 30-45 minutes. Once at the site, the workers would pull the vessel up close to the bank and a marshbuggy machine, equipped with pontoons, would be used to offload the equipment onto another pontoon barge.


The waterway crossing construction consisted of welding the pipe together, one joint at a time. After welding, the workers moved the pipes along an assembly line where they were x-rayed, sandblasted, doped and jeeped. As each joint was completed, the string of welded pipe was pulled out into the marsh by a marshbuggy, far enough for another joint of pipe to be welded into the line. The final step was to weld a cap on it, pressure test it, and then install a pull cap on the end nearest the canal so that the line could be pulled through a hole that was bored underneath the waterway.


On July 8, 2000, Mr. Lovejoy was injured when a co-employee dropped a bucket on his head. The injury occurred on a levee, when the pipelines were being welded together. Though injured, he was released from the hospital and went back to his job a few days later. He continued to work on the project performing various tasks such as driving boats, transporting equipment, and fabrication welding until July 29, 2000. During his entire employment on this project, Mr. Lovejoy worked on the M/V MISS HILDA, the tugs, barges, marshbuggies and aluminum flatboats. He estimated that he piloted the M/V MISS HILDA to the job site about seven times during his work on the project and stayed on it all day long on some days.


Mr. Lovejoy filed suit against Crain Brothers and his co-worker, Hardie Bergeaux under various theories including Jones Act, maintenance and cure, and unseaworthiness. He later amended his lawsuit to assert a claim against Zurich American Insurance Company. Crain Brothers filed a motion for summary judgment on the issue of seaman status. The trial court granted

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