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Oddo v. Presser

6/17/2003

ted to the jury instructions regarding alienation of affections, the objection pertained solely to a limiting instruction regarding evidence of a recorded telephone conversation. There is no indication in the transcript that defendant opposed the offered standard concerning alienation of affections to which he now assigns error. Because defendant did not object on these grounds, he failed to preserve his argument for appeal. See N.C.R. App. P. 10(b)(1). We therefore overrule this assignment of error.


By his second assignment of error, defendant argues that the trial court erred in admitting evidence of alleged damages to plaintiff arising from defendant's actions. At trial, plaintiff asserted that defendant's actions caused him such mental anguish as to impair his ability to effectively function in the workplace, resulting in the termination of his employment both as an investment advisor and a wrestling coach. Plaintiff argued that his termination from these positions resulted in a loss of income and other benefits. Defendant now asserts that the jury improperly considered evidence concerning plaintiff's loss of (1) income from investment advisor clients; (2) income and retirement benefits from his position as a wrestling coach at Davidson; and (3) tuition benefits. We consider defendant's arguments supporting this assignment of error in turn.


Defendant first argues that the trial court erred in allowing evidence of plaintiff's lost income and benefits arising from his termination of employment. Defendant correctly notes that damages for alienation of affections and criminal conversation are limited to "`the present value in money of the support, consortium, and other legally protected marital interests lost . . . through the defendant's wrong'" and "`wrong and injury done to . . . health, feelings, or reputation,'" including damages for mental distress. Hutelmyer v. Cox, 133 N.C. App. 364, 373, 514 S.E.2d 554, 561 (quoting Sebastian v. Kluttz, 6 N.C. App. 201, 219, 170 S.E.2d 104, 115 (1969)), disc. review denied, 351 N.C. 104, 541 S.E.2d 146 (1999) and appeal dismissed, 351 N.C. 356, 542 S.E.2d 211 (2000). Again, however, defendant has failed to preserve this argument for appellate review.


To "preserve a question for appellate review, a party must have presented to the trial court a timely request, objection or motion, stating the specific grounds for the ruling the party desired the court to make." N.C.R. App. P. 10(b)(1). Where a defendant objects to evidence on only one ground, he fails to preserve for appeal any additional grounds. See State v. Francis, 341 N.C. 156, 160, 459 S.E.2d 269, 271 (1995).


Although defendant objected at trial to plaintiff's presentation of evidence concerning lost income and benefits, defendant failed to object on the grounds that plaintiff's lost income and benefits were not to be considered in determining damages for alienation of affections and criminal conversation. Rather, defendant's objections centered on his contention that the evidence was speculative, improperly documented, and constituted impermissible hearsay. As a result, defendant has failed to preserve for appeal his argument that plaintiff's lost income and benefits were improper measures of damages allowed in alienation of affections and criminal conversation claims. See Francis, 341 N.C. at 160, 459 S.E.2d at 271.


Defendant further argues that the admission of plaintiff's evidence of damages was improper as too speculative and uncertain. We note that defendant objected to the introduction of evidence concerning plaintiff's lost income from Davidson only on the grounds of hearsay and the unavailability of summarized documents that were presented to the jury

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