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Church v. Perales

8/22/2000

This appeal involves a dispute between an elderly patient and her physicians regarding their treatment of a severe post-operative infection caused by a bowel perforation that occurred during gynecological surgery. The patient filed suit in the Circuit Court for Davidson County against five physicians and a hospital alleging medical battery and malpractice. The trial court granted a summary judgment to the physicians and the hospital and dismissed the patient's case. On this appeal, the patient takes issue with the summary judgment granted to her gynecologist, a consulting general surgeon, and the gynecologist attending her following surgery in her gynecologist's absence. We have determined that the trial court properly dismissed the patient's medical battery and informed consent claims against her gynecologist. However, we have also determined that the three physicians have not demonstrated that they are entitled to a judgment as matter of law on the patient's medical malpractice claim based on the delay in diagnosing and treating the bowel perforation.


Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed in Part; Vacated in Part; and Remanded


William C. Koch, Jr., J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which Henry F. Todd, P.J., M.S., and Ben H. Cantrell J., joined.


OPINION


Dolly N. Church, a Lewisburg resident in her mid-seventies, had experienced problems with urinary incontinence and vaginal prolapse for several years. She had a partial hysterectomy in 1990 to address the prolapse problem, but the procedure was not successful. In December 1993, she consulted Dr. Maria Perales, a Nashville gynecologist, about these conditions. Dr. Perales examined Ms. Church, and, in addition to a grade three vaginal prolapse, she discovered a large cystocele protruding out of Ms. Church's vaginal wall as well as a rectocele in the posterior vaginal wall. Dr. Perales advised Ms. Church that her treatment options included surgery or a more conservative, non-surgical management of her condition. Ms. Church opted for the non-surgical option. However, in November 1994, Ms. Church returned to Dr. Perales to request surgery.


Dr. Perales had been inclined initially to perform the procedures laparoscopically. However, during her pre-surgical consultation with Ms. Church and Ms. Church's daughter on March 2, 1995, she discovered extensive hypermobility of Ms. Church's urethra along with the other conditions she had already observed. In addition, Ms. Church disclosed for the first time that she did not wish to receive any blood or blood products during surgery because she was a Jehovah's Witness. In view of Ms. Church's religious beliefs and the danger of blood vessel compromise during laparoscopic surgery, Dr. Perales decided to perform a more traditional exploratory laparotomy. While explaining the proposed procedure to Ms. Church, Dr. Perales discussed the possible removal of Ms. Church's fallopian tubes and ovaries, as well as the potential risks and complications of the surgery, including infection and bleeding. Following this discussion, Ms. Church consented to the surgery.


Ms. Church was admitted to Southern Hills Medical Center in Nashville on March 8, 1995 for her surgery. However, the surgery was postponed because of an unexpected complication that could have interfered with her anesthesia. She was re-admitted to Southern Hills on March 22, 1995. Before the surgery, she executed a consent form acknowledging that the operation's risks had been disclosed to her and specifically authorizing Dr. Perales, and any surgeons she might associate, to perform the exploratory laparotomy, a bilateral salpingo oophorectomy (removal of he

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