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Caekaert v. State Fund11/22/1994
, 51 St.Rep. 1202
Submitted on Briefs September 1, 1994.
Appellant Brand E. Caekaert filed a petition in the Workers' Compensation Court for the State of Montana in which he sought medical and disability benefits from the State Compensation Mutual Insurance Fund (State Fund). The Workers' Compensation Court denied Caekaert's petition. He appeals that decision. We reverse the judgment of the Workers' Compensation Court.
The following issues are presented on appeal:
1. Did the Workers' Compensation Court err when it denied Caekaert's claim for medical expenses?
2. Did the Workers' Compensation Court err when it denied Caekaert's claim for temporary total disability benefits?
3. Did the Workers' Compensation Court err when it denied Caekaert's claim for reasonable attorney fees and costs?
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
Caekaert is a journeyman plumber residing in Billings. He also owns an independent poultry business that he began in approximately 1987. In January 1988, Caekaert began working as a plumber for Frank Wilson Plumbing and Heating. In early February 1988, Dr. S. Arthur Frankel determined that Caekaert was suffering from bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. On February 10, and March 2, 1988, Dr. Frankel performed median nerve release procedures on Caekaert's left and right hands respectively. The State Fund insured Caekaert's employer at the time the carpal tunnel syndrome was diagnosed. In November 1988, Caekaert filed a claim for benefits under the Montana Occupational Disease Act. The State Fund accepted liability, covered the medical expenses, and paid Caekaert temporary total disability benefits.
As early as May 1988, Caekaert visited other doctors to complain of recurring symptoms. In June and July 1988, Dr. Richard P. Lewallen, an orthopedic surgeon in Billings, referred Caekaert to Dr. Donald H. See, a neurologist, for nerve conduction tests. Dr. See's tests indicated that the condition of Caekaert's right median nerve had worsened. Following these tests, Caekaert was referred to Dr. Jeffrey Hansen, Dr. Lewallen's partner, who specializes in carpal tunnel surgery. Dr. Hansen has remained Caekaert's treating physician for his symptoms related to carpal tunnel entrapment since July 7, 1988.
Dr. Hansen formed the opinion that Dr. Frankel's surgeries were unsuccessful and concluded that re-exploration surgery on both hands was necessary. Dr. Hansen also concluded that Caekaert's symptoms became worse following the surgeries performed by Dr. Frankel. Dr. Hansen and Dr. Lewallen were additionally concerned that Caekaert's median nerve was compressed not only at his wrist, but at his elbow. Despite these opinions, Dr. Hansen adopted a conservative approach to treatment because Caekaert was uncertain about further surgery. Dr. Hansen decided to wait and see if Caekaert's condition would improve.
In November 1992, Caekaert's hands reached the point where he felt surgery was again necessary. Dr. Hansen explained that the re-exploration procedures were necessary to alleviate the same symptoms that existed in June and July of 1988. On December 11, 1992, Dr. Hansen performed surgery for release of the median nerve at Caekaert's right wrist and just below his right elbow. On February 12, 1993, Dr. Hansen performed another release procedure for the median nerve at Caekaert's left wrist and elbow. Dr. Hansen testified that the 1992 and 1993 surgeries left Caekaert totally disabled for six to eight weeks following each surgical procedure.
Between the 1988 procedures and the 1992 and 1993 procedures, Caekaert worked
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