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Long v. State6/29/2005 or that the DOTD "plans to signalize the railroad crossing . . .." On September 13, 1995, the mayor responded, agreeing to maintain the pavement striping and signs.
It is unclear from the record when the DOTD submitted the required data to the railroad in this case. However, it is clear from Mr. Shrewsberry's testimony that the railroad sent the DOTD its plans and estimates pertaining to the crossing in April, 1996, approximately seven months after the DOTD agreed to signalize the crossing. The FHWA authorized the Harp Street Project in November 4, 1997, and the DOTD issued the work order to the railroad November 24, 1997. Thus, two years elapsed from the time the DOTD indicated that it planned to signalize the crossing and when the FHWA actually authorized the crossing.
Whether a defendant has breached a duty is a question of fact. Peterson v. Gibraltar Sav. & Loan, supra; Mundy v. State, Dept. of Health and Human Resources, 92-3251 (La. 6/17/93), 620 So.2d 811. A trial court's findings of fact may not be reversed absent manifest error or unless clearly wrong. Stobart v. State of Louisiana, through Dep't of Transp. and Dev., 92-1328 (La. 4/12/93), 617 So.2d 880. The reviewing court must do more than just simply review the record for some evidence which supports or controverts the trial court's findings; it must instead review the record in its entirety to determine whether the trial court's finding was clearly wrong or manifestly erroneous. Id at 882. The issue to be resolved by a reviewing court is not whether the trier of fact was right or wrong, but whether the factfinder's conclusion was a reasonable one. Id. The reviewing court must always keep in mind that "if the trial court's or jury's findings are reasonable in light of the record reviewed in its entirety, the court of appeal may not reverse, even if convinced that had it been sitting as the trier of fact, it would have weighed the evidence differently." Id. at 882-83 (citing Housley v. Cerise, 579 So.2d 973 (La. 1991)) (quoting Sistler v. Liberty Mutual Ins. Co., 558 So.2d 1106, 1112 (La. 1990)).
When asked what measures did the DOTD take to signalize the crossing between September 1995 until November 1997, Mr. Shrewsberry stated that the DOTD "followed the procedures as laid out under the Federal Railroad Safety Program to get plans and estimates . . .." Mr. Shrewsberry testified that the process between agreeing to signalize a railroad crossing and the completion of the signalization generally takes approximately three and one-half years. However, he emphasized that the process cannot be completed until the FHWA authorizes it.
The DOTD notified the Mayor of the Village of Bonita that the Harp Street crossing had been selected for upgrades on September 6, 1995. The plans and estimates from the railroad were received in April of 1996, seven months after the DOTD agreed to upgrade the crossing. However, FHWA authorization was not secured until November 4, 1997, over two years after the agreement to signalize the crossing, and two months after Mrs. Long's death.
Mr. Shrewsberry testified regarding the procedure for obtaining federal funding under the Federal Safety Railroad Program. According to him, the DOTD is required to compile "background inventory," along with correspondence among various parties, including the railroad involved and local officials. Additionally, the DOTD maintains a computer tracking system to track various projects. The railroad is responsible for providing the DOTD with plans and estimates based upon the characteristics of the site in question and upon discussions between the Federal Highway Administration ("FHWA") and the railroad. Also, an environmental clearance mus
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